| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2021 | Volume
: 6
| Issue : 1 | Page : 23-26 |
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Hypomagnesemia following thyroidectomy: Prospective observational - Pilot study
Amal Abdullah Abdulkareem
Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Amal Abdullah Abdulkareem
Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/sjl.sjl_10_20
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Background: Magnesium plays a role in the active transport of calcium (Ca+2) and potassium ions across cell membranes. Most of Mg+2 is intracellular or in the bone <1% is in the blood serum. Post thyroidectomy, hypoparathyroidism leads to acute hypocalcemia that leads to hypomagnesemia. The relation of Ca+2 and magnesium (Mg+2) metabolism is complex and mainly related to the interaction of these cations with parathyroid hormone (PTH) post thyroidectomy. Magnesium is an essential regulator of Ca+2 flux and intracellular action of Ca+2. Hypomagnesemia impairs hypocalcaemia-induced PTH release, which is corrected rapidly after magnesium replacement. Attempting to correct only hypocalcemia may prolong symptoms. It is important to monitor both Ca+2 and Mg+2 levels following thyroidectomy to facilitate prompt resolution of symptoms. The aim: is to highlight the prevalence of hypomagnesemia following thyroidectomy and its association with hypocalcemia which mandate early recognition and treatment to prevent prolongation of hypocalcemia and permanent hypoparathyroidism.
Methods: Institutional review board was obtained (E20-4615) and posted in ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04351451. Informed consent taken from all patients. This is a prospective open Label observational pilot study in patients who underwent thyroidectomy. The study period was from January 2019 to January 2020. A total of 74 patients with normal renal function. Serum Ca+2, magnesium, phosphate level, and Vitamin D level are all checked preoperatively and in the first postoperative day.
Results: Post thyroidectomy 56.8% of patients had hypomagnesemia. 59.5.1% had hypocalcemia and 41.9% of had combined low level of Ca+2 and Mg+2 (P = 0.004).
Conclusions: Causes of hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia following thyroidectomy is of multi factorial related mainly to Ca+2, Mg+2 interaction in relation to PTH level.
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